The Palm Beach Post from West Palm Beach, Florida • Page 3

Monday Morning, April 29, 1935 THE PALM BEACH POST Page Three Li IRK RELIEF PROGRAM OUTLINED BY PRESIDENT IN TALK 10 THE NATION Sale Tax Plans Losing Ground (Continued from Page One) ning a referendum to the Tillman bill to outlaw chain stores an act which Senator Tillman and other supporters "of his measure said killed was followed by the Tampa senator's second attack on multiple stores through a tax bill. When the senate meets at 3:30 p. m. Monday Tillman's outlawry measure will be special order of business. Meets Twice Daily The house returns from its weekend recess at 11 a.

m. Monday. Beginning Monday the house meets twice daily. The senate has had many afternoon sessions since the legislature opened its assembly April Fletcher Urges Support of Bank Control Measure (Continued from Page One) of discretion in making and supervising loans and the investment of bank funds, it is possible to undermine and even destroy all of their painstaking efforts by bringing about, through open market operations, rediscount rates, and control over reserves, a contraction of the total volume of credit and currency outstanding. "As a result, there are literally thousands of bankers in this country whose heads are bowed in humiliation and shame.

They are blamed for the vicious results, many of which they are not able to rationalize. They have had their lines of credit shut off, their reserves reduced, or have experienced the withdrawal of huge sums of money upon demand. "Among them, however, there have been a few bankers 'in the the Congress legislation to provide for the elimination of unnecessary holding companies in the public utility field. Positive Measure I consider this legislation a positive recovery measure. Power production in this country is virtually back to the 1929 peak.

The operating companies in the gas and electric utility field are by and large in good condition. But under holding company domination the utility industry has long been hopelessly at war within Itself and with public sentiment. By far the greater part of the general decline in utility securities had occurred before I was inaugurated. The absentee management of unnecessary holding company control has lost touch with and has lost the sympathy of the communities it pretends to serve. Even more significantly it has given the country as a whole an uneasy apprehension of overconcentrated economic power.

A business that loses the confidence of Its customers and the am creating a progress division. This division will have the duty of coordinating the purchase of materials and supplies and of making certain that people who are employed will be taken from the relief rolls. It will also have the responsibility of determining work payments in various localities, of making full use of existing employment services and to assist people engaged in work relief to move as rapidly as possible back into private employment when such employment is available. Moreover, this division will be charged with keeping projects moving on schedule. (4) I have felt it to be essentially wise and prudent to avoid, so far as possible, the creation of new governmental machinery for supervising this work.

The national government now has at least sixty different agencies with the staff and the experience and the competence necessary to carry on the two hundred and fifty or three hundred kinds of work that will be undertaken. These agencies, therefore, will simply bring on a somewhat enlarged scale, the same sort of things that they have been doing. This will make certain that the largest possible portion of the funds allotted will be spent for actually creating new work and not for carrying out the purposes of the great work program just enacted by Congress. Its first objective is to put men and women now on the relief rolls to work and, incidentally, to assist materially in our already unmistakable march toward recovery. I shall not confuse my discussion by a multitude of figures.

So many figures are quoted to prove so many things, sometimes it depends upon what paper you read and what broadcast you hear. Therefore, let us keep our minds on two or three simple essential facts in connection with this problem of unemployment. It is true that while business and industry are definitely better our relief rolls are still too large. However, for the first time in five years the relief rolls have declined instead of increased during the winter months. They are still declining.

The simple fact is that many million more people have private work today than two years ago today or one year ago today and every day that passes offers more chances to work for those who want to work. In spite of the fact that unemployment remains a serious problem here as in every other nation, we have come to recognize the possibility and the necessity of certain helpful remedial measures. These DRAW POSTOFFICE IRE Legal Opinion Brands Thera as Illegal and A Lottery By the Associated Press DENVER, April 28 Thl "send-a-dime" chain letter fad rocketed to a "send $10" level today as the Postoffice Department at Washing-ton branded the entire scheme illegal. Nevertheless, nearly 100,000 letters flooded the mails here today, perplexing postoffice officials who had pleaded that the practice be stopped. came that the chain idea was appearing at Sioux Falls, S.

and Omaha, Neb. A weary postal inspector mobilized sufficient evidence to "make an example" of the first arrest in the $10 enterprise. But when an intended prisoner was revealed as the head of a family, on relief, with a crippled daughter, authorities accepted his pledge to quit the game and released him. Solicitor Karl Crowley of the Postoffice Department, rendered an opinion, which also was forwarded to Iowa postmasters, to the effect that 'the scheme is in conflict with both the postal lottery and fraud statutes." ROCH HAS BUILT NORTH SEA BASE (Continued from Page One) net members individually considered what action to take. The early reaction here was that Germany could not do much in the way of aggression with her small new submarines while the Berlin defense ministry has admitted form a part of the Reich's armament plans.

War Recalled Experts exploded this belief. however, recalling that during the World War Germany bottled up and almost succeeded in starving England with even amaller U-boats than the new 250-ton craft which the most reliable British sources in sist, despite Berlin denials, are al ready under construction. TREATY DENUNCIATION DEMANDED AT LONDON LONDON, April 29 (Monday) UP) Denunciation of the London naval treaty limitations by Great Britain was urged today by the Morning Post, London's only strictly conservative party newspaper, because of Germany's reported submarine building program. This drastic proposal was made as other newspapers claimed confirmation of Saturday's disclosures Germany is undertaking the construction of a dozen 250-ton U-boats. The London treaty is the only naval disarmament pact remaining in full force in the world today, since Japan has already denounced the Washington treaty.

RUMANIA ARMS BUCHAREST, Rumania, April 28. UP) A vast national defense scheme designed to make Rumanian the strongest military power in the southwestern Europe and the Balkans was approved today at a council session presided over by King Carol. It was known also that was to be spent on a ten year armament program. SENATE DETERMINED WASHINGTON, April 28. UP) Democratic leaders, already twice defeated, determined today on a powerful effort to break the Senate's antl-lynching flillbuster Monday and clear the way for progress on the Harrison bonus compromise and pressing administration legislation.

NATIONAL POLL CHICAGO, April 28 UP) Members of the national lumber code authority decided at a special meeting here today to poll the divisions of the industry throughout the country to determine whether the lumber code should be amended to provide that all actions of the executive committee be subject to the approval of the NRA. IN ACCIDENTS (Continued from Page One) been no serious crashes since April 15. Three of Connecticut's five traffic deaths were pedestrians, one of whom was struck down by a hit-and-run driver. In east Texas there were four fatal accidents, two of those killed being 14-ycar-old Lex Ramsey, 14, at Longview, lassoed a truck driven by his brother. He was dragged beneath the wheels, and his skull was fractured.

He died. Mary Louise Franklin, 14, was fatally injured when the automobile in which she was riding plunged into a ditch near Arlington, Tex. It got out of control after the driver tumbled out of a door that came unlatched. Strikes Match Indiana had three fatal accidents, two caused by automobiles crashing Into poles. Police said one, at Indianapolis, was caused by the driver attempting to light a cigarette.

In Michigan, three pedestrians were killed, two elderly men, the third a 35-year-old woman struck by a hit-and-run driver. Two of Chicago's deaths were caused by an automobile street car collision. Six persons died in Ohio, four In one crash at East Palestine. There, an automobile containing four hoys was struck by a passenger train. Three of the East Palestine victims were brothers.

The automobile crashed through lowered gates and into the path of the train. The death toll by states: California, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Massa chusetts, Maine, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, 4. know' and also in domination position for laying down the rules for making money 'tight' or 'easy' of literally determining the trend yet the latter have not personally been singled out nor can they, under our present system be called to account for the disastrous results of their acts." PERSONALS n-l, Mrs. Edward T. Alford and Mrs.

D. E. Southard are leaving this morning by motor for New York. From there, Mrs. Alford will go on to Westport, to remain until July, and Mrs.

Southard will go to Chicago, returning in about two weeks. Mrs. John Charles Thomas gave a dinner Sunday at the Sailflsh club for Mr. and Mrs. George Dobyne.

Others In the party were Mr. and Mrs. Kimbark Howell, Mr. and Mrs. H.

H. Windsor, and Mr. and Mrs. George Fenton. Mr.

and Mrs. Edward E. Colyer of have taken a house heat for a year, and expect to remain over the summer. They are located on Fifty-Ninth street. J.

Floyd Akin, of this city, left early Sunday morning for Chicago where he expects to become associated with a utility company. Mrs. Akin and three children will leave Tuesday for Topeka, to visit relatives for several weeks. Report Denied WASHINGTON, April 28. OP) The White House today issued a formal denial of printed reports the James Roosevelt would become one of President Roosevelt's secretaries.

The statement dictated to the press said: Several newspapers today printed stories that James Roosevelt, one of the "President's sons, is coming to Washington to act as a member of the White House secretariat. These stories are not true." James, the President's eldest son, Is in the insurance Bank of Mexico Sets Price on U. S. Dollar MEXICO, D. April 28.

P) The Bank of Mexico announced today will buy and sell an unlimited quantity of dollars at 3.60 pesos beginning Monday, thus restoring the exchange rate which until the peso shot up Thursday has been in effect for a year and a half. A number of banks and individuals who bought United States dollars for as low as 3.30 pesos during the two days when the. Mexican currency was skyrocketing will be able to sell them at the 3.60 price, taking large profits on the transactions. New bronze 20-cent pieces wers put into circulation today. Silver coins were japldly disappearing, making it difficult for people to make change and handicapping stores and business.

The government Friday ordered an embargo on silver coins and directed that coins be surrendered to the Bank of Mexico in exchange for paper certificates. Hotel Mayflower "On Brautijw Worth" Palm Brock's Mntlr-rn Hotel OPEN SUMMEIt Atlrmllvr Weekly Hnd Monthly Halm "lel the beacon (jmtte You" (Continued from Page One) mation to sift the applications, whenco they would go to the allotment division for further sifting and allocation of the money. Afterward, he said, the proper government agency would be notified to supervise or carry out the work and the progress division, headed by Harry L. Hopkins, would keep a close watch on the purchasing, employment, wages and, finally, the shifting of the workers back into private employment as rapidly as possible. The President said thei-e were some imperfections in every Jcb.

"There are chiselers in every walk of life," he added, "there are those in every industry who are guilty of unfair practices, every profession has its black sheep, but long experience In government haB taught me that the exceptional instances of wrong doing in government are probably less numerous than in almost every other line of endeavor. Eternal Vigilance "The most effective means of preventing such evils in this work relief program will be the eternal vigilance of the American people themselves." The message: Since my annual message to the Congress on January fourth last, I have not addressed the general public over the air. In the many weeks since that time the Congress has devoted itself to the arduous task of formulating legislation necessary to the country's welfare. It has made and is making distinct progress. Not Haphazard Before I come to any of the specific measures, however, I want to leave in your minds one clear fact.

The administration and the Con gress are not proceeding in any haphazard fashion in this task of government. Each of our steps has a definite relationship to every other step. The job of creating a program for the nation's welfare is, in some respects, like the building of a ship. At different points on the coast where I often visit they build great seagoing ships. When one of these ships is under construction and the steel frames have been set in the keel It is difficult for a person who does not know ships to tell how it will finally look when it is sailing the high seas.

It may seem confused to some, but out of the multitude of detailed parts that go into the making of the structure the creation of a useful instrument for man ultimately comes. It is that way with the making of a national policy. The objective of the nation has greatly changed in three years. Before that time individual self-interest and group selfishness were paramount in public thinking. The general good was at a discount.

Three years of hard thinking have changed the picture. More and more people, because of clearer thinking and a better understanding, are considering the whole rather than a mere part relating to one section or one crop, or one industry, or an individual private occupation. That is a tremendous gain for principles of democracy. The overwhelming majority of people in this country know how to sift the wheat from the chaff in what they hear and what they read. They know that the process of the constructive rebuilding of America cannot be done in a day or a year, but that it is being done in spite of the few who seek to confuse them and to profit by their confusion.

Americans as a whole are feeling a lot better a lot more cheerful than for many, many yer.rs. The most difficult place in the world to get a clear and open perspective of the country as a whole is Washington. I am reminded sometimes of what President Wilson once said: "So many people come to Washington who know things that are not so and so few people who know anything about what the people of the United States are thinking about." That is why I occasionally leave this scene of action for a few days to go fishing or back home to Hyde Park so that I can have a chance to think quietly about the country as a whole. To get away from the trees, as they say, and to look at the whole woods. This duty of seeing the country in a long range perspective is one which, in a very special manner, attaches to this office to which you have chosen me.

Two Positions Did you ever stop to think that there are, after all, only two positions in the nation that are filled by the vote of all of the voters the President and the Vice President? That makes It particularly necessary for the Vice President and for me to conceive of our duties toward the entire country. I speak, therefore, tonight to and of the American people as a whole. My most immediate concern is In measures are of two kinds. The first is to make provisions intended to relieve, to minimize, and to prevent future unemployment; to establish the practical means to help those who are unemployed in this present emergency. Our social se curity legislation is an attempt to answer the first of these questions.

Our work relief program the second. Social Security The program for social security now pending before the Congress is a necessary part of the future unemployment policy of the gov ernment. While our present and projected expenditures for work re lief are wholly within the reasonable limits of our national credit resources it Is obvious that we cannot continue to create a governmental deficit for that purpose year after year. We must begin now to make provision for the future. That is why our social security program Is an Important part of the complete picture.

It proposes, by means of old age pensions, to help, those who have reached the age of retirement to give up their jobs and thus give to the younger generation greater opportunities for work and to give to all a feeling of security as they look toward old age. The unemployment insurance part of this legislation will not only help to guard the individual In future periods of lay-off against depression but it will be sustaining purchasing power to cushion the shock of economic distress. Another helpful feature of unemployment insurance is the incentive it will give to employers to plan more carefully in order that unemployment may be prevented by the stabilizing of employment Itself. Provisions for social security, however, are protections for the future. Our responsibility for the immediate necessities of the unemployed has been met by the Congress through the most comprehensive work plan in the history of the nation.

Our problem is to put to work three and one-half million employable persons now on the relief rolls. It Is a problem quite as much for private industry as for the government. We are striving to get the government's vast work relief program under way and we have every reason to believe that it should be in full swing by Autumn. In directing it, I shall recognize six fundamental principles: The Projects (1) The projects should be useful. (2) Projects shall be of a nature that a considerable proportion of the money spent will go into wages for labor.

(3) Projects which promise ultimate return to the Federal Treasury of a considerable proportion of the costs, will be 'sought. (4) Funds allotted for each project should be actually and promptly spent and not held over for later years. (5) In all cases projects must be of a character to give employment to those on the relief rolls. (6) Projects will be allocated to localities or relief areas in relation to the number of workers on relief rolls in those areas. Direct Work I next want to make it clear ex actly how we shaH direct the work.

(1) I have set up a division of application and information to which all proposals for the expenditure of money must go for pre liminary study and consideration. (2) After the division of application and Information has sifted these projects, they will be sent to an allotment division composed of representatives of "the more important governmental agencies charged with carrying on work relief projects. The group will also Include representatives of cities and of labor, farming, banking and industry. This allotment division will consider all of the reoommen-dations submitted to the President who under the act is required to make final allocations. (3) The next step will be to notify the proper government agency in whose field the project falls, and also another agency which I si" it- good will of the public cannot long continue to be a good risk for the Investor.

This legislation will serve the investor by ending the condl tions which have caused that lack of confidence and good will. It will put the public utility operating in dustry on a sound basts for the future, both in its public relations and in its Internal relations. This legislation will not only in the long run result in providing lower electric and gas rates to the consumer but it will protect the actual value and earning power of properties now owned by thousands of investors who have little protection under the old laws against what used to be called frenzied finance. It will not destroy values. Not only business recovery, but the general economic recovery of the nation will be greatly stimulated by the enactment of legislation' designed to Improve the status of our transportation agencies.

There is need for legislation providing for the. regulation of interstate transportation by buses and trucks, to regulate transportation by water, new provisions for strengthening of the Interstate Commerce Commission to enable it to carry out a rounded conception of the national transportation system in which the benefits of private ownership are retained, while the public stake in these important services is protected by the public's government. The reestablishment of public confidence in the banks of the nation is one of the most hopeful results of our efforts as a nation to reestablish public confidence in private banking. We all know that private banking actually exists by virtue of the, permission of and regulation by the people as a whole, speaking through their government. Wise public policy, however, requires not only that banking be safe but that its resources be most fully utilized, In the economic life of the country.

Nation's Audit To this end it was decided more than twenty years ago that the government Jhould assume the responsibility of providing a means by which the credit of the nation might be controlled, not by a few private banking Institutions, but by a body with public prestige and auth rity. The answor to this demand was the Federal Reserve System. Twenty years of experience with this system have justified the efforts made to create it, but these twenty years have shown by experience definite possibilities for improvement. Certain proposals made to amend the Federal Reserve Act deserve prompt and favorable action by the Congress. Tley are a minimum of wise readjustment of our Federal Reserve System in the light of past experience and present needs.

These measures are, in large part, the program which under my constitutional duty I have recommended to the Congress. They are essential factors in a rounded program for national recovery. They contemplate the enrichment of our national life by a sound and rational ordering of its various elements and wise provisions for the protection of the against the strong. Never since my inauguration In March, 1933, have I felt so unmistakably the atmosphere of recovery. But It is more than the recovery of the material basis of our individual lives.

It la the recovery of confidence in our democratic processes and instituitions. We have survived all of the arduous burdens and the threatening dangers of a great economic calamity. We have in the darkest moments of our national trials retained our faith in our own ability to master our destiny. Fear is vanishing and confidence Is growing on every side, renewed faith' in the vast possibilities of human beings to improve their material and spiritual status through the instrumentality of democratic government That faith is receiving its just reward. Wagner Bill Supported WASHINGTON, April 28.

UP) A unanimous demand for enactment of the Wagner labor disputes bill was voiced today by American Federation of Labor leaders gathered here from all parts of the country for a rally meeting. Representatives of international unions, state and city central bodies said they expected to call on their senators and representatives to urge speedy action on the bill the number one Item of the federation's legislative "must" list after their formal assemblage Monday. Deaths and Funerals James E. Hawkins Funeral services for James Ed ward Hawkins, 55, of Pahokee, who died at 2:15 Sunday morning In a local hospital, will be held at 2 o'clock Tuesday afternoon at the Methodist church In Pahokee, with the Rev. Joe Tolle officiating.

Mr. Hawkins had resided In Pa-, hokee the past 10 years and was manager of the Seminole Seed store there. He is survived by his wife, Mrs. Therese Hawkins, by two daughters, Mrs. Harry Sheppard and Grace Hawkins, and by four sons, Johnny, Jimmy, Lorran, and Paul.

Burial will be at a Palm Beach cemetery. The Everglades Funeral home Is in charge of building up expensive overhead or ganizations here in Washington. For many months preparations have been under way for undertak ing this work. The allotment of funds for desirable projects has already begun. The key men for the major responsibility of this great task already have been selected.

I well realize that the country expects before this" year Is out to see the "dirty fly," as they say, in carrying on this work and I assure my fellow citizens that no energy will be spared in using these funds effectively to make a major attack upon the problem of unemployment. Our responsibility is to all of the people In this country. This is a great national crusade to destroy enforced idleness which is an enemy of the human spirit generated by this depression. Our attack upon these enemies must be without stint and without discrimination. No section, no political distinctions can be permitted.

It must, however, be recognized that when an enterprise of this character is extended over more than three thousand counties throughout the nation, there may be occasional instances of inefficiency, bad management, or misue of funds. When cases of this kind occur, there will be those, of course, who will try to tell you that the exceptional failure is characteristic of the entire endeavor. It should be remembered that in every big job there are some Imperfections. There are chiselers in every walk of life, there are those In every industry who are gulity of unfair practices, every profession has its black sheep, but long experience in government has taught me that the exceptional instances of wrong-doing in government are probably less numerous than in almost every other line of endeavor. The most effective means of preventing such evils in this work relief program will be the eternal vigilance of the American people themselves.

I call upon my fellow citizens everywhere to cooperate with me in making this the most efficient and the cleanest exaijiple of public enterprise the world has ever seen. It is lime to provide a smashing answer for those cynical men who say that a democracy cannot be honest and efficient. If you will help, this can be done. I there fore, hope you will watch the work in every corner of this nation. Feel free to criticize.

Tell me of instances where work can be done better, or where improper practices prevail. Neither you nor I want criticism conceived in a purely fault-finding or partisan spirit, but I am jealous of the right of every citizen to call to the attention of his government examples of how the public money can be more ef fectively spent for the benefit of the American people. I now come, my friends, to the remaining business before the Congress. It has under consideration many measures which provide for the rounding out of the program of economic and social reconstruc tion with which we have been con cerned for two years. I can men-.

tion only a few of them tonight, but I do not want my mention of specific measures to be interpreted as lack of Interest or in disapproval of many other important proposals that are pending. The National Industrial Recovery Act expires on the sixteenth of June. After careful consideration, I have asked the Congress to ex tend the life of this useful agency oi government. As we have proceed ed with the administration of this act, we have found from time to time more and more useful ways of promoting Its purposes. No reasonable person wants to abandon our present gains we must continue to protect children, to enforce minimum wages, to prevent excessive hours, to safeguard, define and enforce collective bargaining, and, while, retaining fair competition; to eliminate so far as humanly pos sible, the kinds of unfair practices by selfish minorities which unfortunately did than anything else to bring about the recent' col lapse of industries.

There is likewise pending before MASTER Tel. 2-1141 To the Public The SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY is striving to give the people of a the South the best transportation service possible at the lowest cost. To this it is providing the most improved facilities and adapting its passenger and freight services to the needs of the public. It is now furnishing completely air-conditioned through passenger service which for safety, speed and comfort is unexcelled in America, at greatly reduced rates. It is developing its freight service along the same lines, and has recently pur- chased and put into service ELEVEN HUNDRED of the most modern STEEL FREIGHT CARS and has just purchased FIVE of the latest type HIGH-SPEED FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVES.

Freight schedules and service are being constantly improved with rates that, in many instances, are lower than they have been for years. In 1934 the SEABOARD paid about $18,000,000 in wages; over $9,000,000 for materials and supplies; $3,265,000 for new equipment; $2,100,000 in taxes. Substantially all of this money went to the people, industries and communities along its line. The future of the SEABOARD is interwoven with the welfare of the South. It is doing, and will do all in its power to develop the South by giving it the best transportation service possible at the lowest cost, and by spending its money whenever possible in the territory it serves.

In supporting the SEABOARD the people of the South are advancing their own interests. The SEABOARD asks no favprs. It only asks fair treatment and the support of the people in its efforts for the promotion of our mutual interests. Travel and Ship by Seaboard LEGH R. POWELL, JR.

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